1.小型風(fēng)動(dòng)或電動(dòng)除銹
主要以電或壓縮空氣為動(dòng)力，裝配適當(dāng)?shù)某P裝置，進(jìn)行往復(fù)運(yùn)動(dòng)或旋轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)，以適應(yīng)各種場(chǎng)合的除銹要求。如角向磨光機(jī)、鋼絲刷、風(fēng)動(dòng)針束除銹器、風(fēng)動(dòng)敲銹錘、齒型旋轉(zhuǎn)除銹器等，屬于半機(jī)械化設(shè)備，工具輕巧、機(jī)動(dòng)性大，能較徹底去除銹、舊涂層等，能對(duì)涂層進(jìn)行打毛處理，效率比手工除銹大大提高，可達(dá)1—2m2/h，但不能除去氧化皮，表面粗糙度較小，不能達(dá)到優(yōu)質(zhì)的表面處理質(zhì)量，工效較噴射處理低。可在任何部位使用，特別在修船過(guò)程中得到廣泛應(yīng)用。
2.拋丸機(jī)(砂)除銹
主要以顆粒噴射沖蝕作用構(gòu)成的以達(dá)到表面清潔和適宜的粗糙度，設(shè)備包括敞開(kāi)式噴丸(砂)除銹機(jī)、密閉式噴丸(砂室)、真空噴丸(砂)機(jī)。敞開(kāi)式噴丸(砂)機(jī)應(yīng)用較為廣泛，能較為徹底地清除金屬表面所有的雜質(zhì)，如氧化皮、銹蝕和舊漆膜，除銹效率高4—5m2/h，機(jī)械程度高，除銹質(zhì)量好。但對(duì)由于磨料一般不能回收，對(duì)其他作業(yè)有影響，清理現(xiàn)場(chǎng)麻煩。所以環(huán)境污染較重，近來(lái)逐漸被限制使用。
3.高壓水磨料除銹
利用高壓水射流的沖擊作用(加上磨料的磨削作用)和水撬作用破壞銹蝕和涂層對(duì)鋼板的附著力。其特點(diǎn)是無(wú)粉塵污染，不損傷鋼板，大大提高除銹效率，可達(dá)15m2/h以上，除銹質(zhì)量好。但除銹后的鋼板易返銹，須涂裝專(zhuān)門(mén)的帶濕除銹涂料，對(duì)一般性能涂料的涂裝有較大影響。
中譯英：
1 Small pneumatic or electric rust removing
Major in electric or compressed air as a driving force, the assembly suitable descaling device, reciprocating or rotary motion, in order to adapt to the requirements of various occasions of rust. If the angle grinder, wire brush, pneumatic needle beam rust remover, pneumatic chipping hammers, tooth type rotary device, which belongs to the half mechanization equipment, light weight, mobility, can thoroughly remove rust, old coating, can on the coating for wool processing, greatly improving the efficiency than manual derusting,1-2 m2/h, but cannot remove the oxide skin, the surface roughness is small, cannot achieve high-quality surface treatment quality, work efficiency is low injection processing. Can be used in any part, especially in the repairing process is widely used.
2 Shot blasting machine(sand)derusting
Mainly in particle jet erosion form to reach the surface cleaning and appropriate roughness, device includes open shot peening(sand)derusting machine, shot peening(closed type sand chamber), vacuum peening machine(sand). Open type shot blasting machine(sand)is widely used, can thoroughly clean metal surface all impurities, such as scale, rust and old paint film, high derusting efficiency of 4-5 m2/h, high degree of mechanical, derusting quality. But due to the abrasive generally cannot be recycled for other operations, have effect, clean up the site. Therefore, environmental pollution is heavier, recently gradually by the restriction of the use of.
3 High-pressure water abrasive rust
Using high pressure water jet impact ( plus the role of abrasive grinding ) and the prized role of water damage and corrosion coating on the steel adhesion. Its characteristic is that there is no dust pollution, no damage to steel, greatly improve the efficiency of more than 15m2/h, derusting, derusting quality good. But after rust removal of steel easy return to rust, coating specialized with wet rust paint, on the general properties of the coating technology has a great influence on.
(圖/文http://www.zdrav.cn/)
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